The city range is derived from the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's (EPA) Universal Dynamometer Driving Schedule (UDDS) which is a standardized test that is used to provide emissions and fuel efficiency data to consumers. The resulting labeling is posted on most ‘for sale’ gasoline vehicles and allows consumers to judge the fuel efficiency of competitive vehicles on an equal plane. Now adopted by the Motorcycle Industry Council (MIC), and named “City Driving Range Test Procedure for Electric Motorcycles", Zero Motorcycles uses this newly adopted standard with the hope that other manufacturers will follow suit. For electric motorcycles, this provides interested buyers with standardized information to compare the range of one motorcycle against another.

This is meant to provide a range value that riders can expect to achieve when riding their motorcycle on a highway at a steady speed of 55 mph.

In order to give our customers additional range information, Zero collaborated diligently with the Motorcycle Industry Council on the development of a new "Highway range" test and reporting standard for electric motorcycles. This new standard is meant to provide a range value riders can expect to achieve when using the motorcycle for highway commuting. It is based on an extensive 3rd party research which concluded that, when coupled with the distance traveled on city roads getting to and from the highway, as well as the distance spent in highway congestion, the average "highway commute" is made up of 50% steady-state high speed riding and 50% city-like riding. The steady-state high speed used in this test and reporting standard is 55 mph.

The Formula:
Highway Commuting Range = 1 / [0.5/(55 mph steady-state range) + 0.5/(EPA UDDS range)]

This is meant to provide a range value that riders can expect to achieve when riding their motorcycle on a highway at a steady speed of 70 mph.

In order to give our customers additional range information, Zero collaborated diligently with the Motorcycle Industry Council on the development of a new "Highway range" test and reporting standard for electric motorcycles. This new standard is meant to provide a range value riders can expect to achieve when using the motorcycle for highway commuting. It is based on an extensive 3rd party research which concluded that, when coupled with the distance traveled on city roads getting to and from the highway, as well as the distance spent in highway congestion, the average "highway commute" is made up of 50% steady-state high speed riding and 50% city-like riding. The steady-state high speed used in this test and reporting standard is 70 mph.

The Formula:
Highway Commuting Range = 1 / [0.5/(70 mph steady-state range) + 0.5/(EPA UDDS range)]

This represents the expected life of the power pack, to 80% of its original capacity, when the motorcycle is ridden according to the EPA's "city" UDDS duty cycle. An electric motorcycle can continue to function perfectly normal with a power pack that has lost over 20% of its original capacity. The only certain change will be a reduction in maximum range.

The Formula:
Estimated pack life (miles / km) = (EPA UDDS range) * (cycle-life rating of the battery) * (90%, to account for 20% linear capacity loss over this rated life)

Maximum capacity tends to be the electric vehicle industry’s choice for reporting the maximum amount of energy that can be stored in a vehicle’s power pack.

About kWh : Where gasoline vehicles use gallons, electric vehicles frequently use kilowatt hours (kWh) to measure the total possible ‘fuel’ or energy storage capacity.

The Formula:
Maximum kWh = (# of cells) * (cell Amp-hour capacity rating) * (cell max voltage rating)

Nominal capacity is the most accurate measure of the amount of usable energy that can be stored in a vehicle’s power pack. It differs from maximum capacity because it is calculated using an average voltage that is more often ‘the norm’ rather than a maximum which is rarely seen.

About kWh: Where gasoline vehicles use gallons, electric vehicles frequently use kilowatt hours (kWh) to measure the total possible ‘fuel’ or energy storage capacity.

The Formula:
Nominal kWh = (# of cells) * (cell Amp-hour capacity rating) * (cell nominal voltage rating)

Zero's scalable "quick charge" accessory offerings allow customers to acquire as many as three standalone chargers (in addition to the existing on-board unit) for up to a ~75% reduction in charge time depending on the model and year.

Please keep in mind that most household electricity circuits are rated to 110V/15A, which can only support a single charger. As a result, in order to make use of Zero's quick-charge accessories, you must plug each charger into a separate 110V/15A circuit. If connecting to any other, higher-rated household circuit, you must make sure it can safely support the load of each of Zero's 1,200W input chargers.

Wheel travel, measured along fork-line.

Wheel travel, measured perpendicular to ground.